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As Japan pours billions into defense dreaming of arms-led prosperity, many warn history’s darkest chapters offer a sobering lesson_我的网站

A |     大家都知道，本地的高薪工作基本集中在金融、IT等行业。    Editor's Note:
August 15 marked the 81st anniversary of Japan's announcement of its unconditional surrender. Eighty-one years on, Japan, the defeated aggressor in World War II (WWII), has not only failed to conduct a thorough reckoning with its wartime aggression, but has instead intensified its drive to expand military power. In its newly released 2026 Defense White Paper on August 4, Japan says that "defense business not only possesses a high degree of public value by directly contributing to the protection of citizens' lives, but also contributes to Japan's economic growth through ripple effects into the civilian sector."
This line of argument, along with Japan's defense policies in recent years, in fact reflects a form of "military Keynesianism" - the use of military spending as a means to stimulate overall economic development. However, this logic of "trying to boost the economy through military buildup" has faced widespread skepticism inside Japan. Some scholars have also warned that Japan pursued a similar policy during WWII, which led to the expansion of the military-industrial complex (MIC) and, in objective terms, fueled the scale of Japan's war of aggression, bringing profound suffering to the peoples of Asia and the world.

    People take part in a protest march in Tokyo, opposing politicians making ritual offerings to or visiting the notorious Yasukuni Shrine, on August 15, 2026. Photo: cnsphoto
Pursuing a military Keynesian path
Japan's 2026 Defense White Paper, at 598 pages, has set a record as the longest in history. More alarming than its length, however, is the document's first-ever explicit definition of the development of the defense industry as an effective means of promoting "economic growth." 
"The white paper 'stresses that investment in defense benefits the wider economy and people's lives,' according to a Defense Ministry presentation document," reported Reuters on August 4. "That message aligns with Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's broader use of strategic state spending in an effort to drive economic growth," Reuters commented. Previously, The Asahi Shimbun warned in an opinion piece that this entanglement of defense buildup with economic policy will, over time, slide into "military Keynesianism."
"Military Keynesianism" refers to the use of military spending as a tool to stimulate overall economic development. Since the Takaichi administration took office, Japan has been expanding its domestic defense market through year-on-year increases in the defense budget, while at the same time opening up international sales channels for defense production by relaxing export controls - thereby systematically pursuing a military Keynesian path.
In fiscal 2026, Japan's defense budget for the first time exceeded 9 trillion yen ($56.5 billion). Its defense-related spending has already reached 2 percent of GDP, according to The Japan Times. This not only means Japan's defense budget has risen for 14 consecutive years, but also indicates that the government is using fiscal stimulus to artificially create a large and relatively stable "arms market." The resulting closed-loop logic is clear: the government increases defense spending to expand procurement; defense companies receive orders and scale up production; and, through industrial-chain spillovers, related industries also expand output.
As Japan's new Defense White Paper says, higher defense expenditures will not only significantly increase orders in the defense industry, but also reinforce the defense production base through measures such as introducing mechanisms to assess corporate efforts and calculate appropriate profits for companies. These measures, the paper claims, are expected to generate economic ripple effects, "as well as technological ripple effects into the civilian sector." 
What is even more alarming is that Japan is systematically removing the institutional barriers to the growth of its defense industry. 
One long-standing challenge in postwar Japan has been the limited size of its domestic defense market and restrictions on arms exports, which have kept defense firms' profits relatively low and prompted some major companies to withdraw from parts of the military supply business, observers pointed out.
In 2022, however, Japan elevated the defense industry to a national strategic priority in its three key security documents, National Security Strategy, National Defense Strategy and Defense Buildup Program. In 2023, it enacted the Act on Enhancing Defense Production and Technology Bases, allowing the government to sustain and reinforce defense manufacturing through subsidies, capital investment and other measures. And in April this year, the Takaichi administration formally lifted the ban on exports of lethal weapons, fully opening the door for Japan's defense industry to enter global markets.
Together, these moves show that Japan is no longer content with relying on its Self-Defense Forces' limited procurement needs. It seeks to turn itself into a global arms supplier. This will inevitably intensify the regional arms race and seriously destabilize the security landscape in East Asia, warned some experts reached by the Global Times.
Of particular concern is that the focus of Japan's military Keynesianism has shifted from traditional weapons such as guns and artillery, to high-tech fields including artificial intelligence (AI) and drones, with an explicit emphasis on civil-military integration. Japan's new Defense White Paper places special emphasis on AI and unmanned systems, which are expected to become central issues in the year-end revision of its three key security documents.
Widespread criticism and concern
Japan's bid to jolt economic growth through higher military spending amounts to little more than a wishful gamble that "guns for butter" can be turned on its head. But when the fiscal question of "where will the money come from?" collides with public anxiety over "where is people's livelihood headed?", voices from international media outlets to Japanese scholars, lawmakers and ordinary citizens alike, are warning that the narrative of arms-led prosperity is not only unlikely to work, but could also drag Japan's economy into dangerous territory, observers noted.
Japan's fiscal expenditure faces "competing demands on the public purse," "but Takaichi has yet to explain clearly how she would pay for a further expansion without adding pressure on Japan's already stretched public finances," Reuters said on August 4.
In a Japanese-language editorial piece on August 8, The Asahi Shimbun pushed the debate further toward livelihoods, saying that military expansion would place a direct strain on the daily lives of Japanese people. The piece also cited a United Nations study saying that reallocating the same resources to education and healthcare rather than the military could generate more jobs. The International Monetary Fund has also warned that rising defense spending may, in the medium term, increase economic vulnerabilities, including through wider fiscal deficits, it said. 
 Opposition within Japan's academic circles runs equally fierce. Yuko Tanaka, a professor emeritus at Hosei University, argues the Takaichi administration's military buildup policies are driving Japan's economy toward collapse. The continuous depreciation of the yen and climbing government bond yields have rendered its "responsible proactive fiscal policies" unsustainable in the eyes of markets. If military expansion takes precedence over people's livelihoods, Japan's economy will fall into prolonged stagnation and recession, culminating in bankruptcy, Tanaka told the Global Times. 
Strong criticism also echoes across Japan's political arena. House of Representatives member Joji Yamamoto accused the Takaichi administration of doubling defense spending and lifting bans on weapons exports, while shifting healthcare costs onto patients and eroding elderly care systems. If left unchecked, Japan will gradually turn into a nation sustained by the arms trade, seriously violating people's right to subsistence guaranteed by law, Yamamoto told the Global Times. 
A risky gamble

Military Keynesianism is not only unlikely to sustain long-term economic growth in Japan, but also carries hidden security risks. Koji Sonoda, deputy editor at The Asahi Shimbun's Political News Section, recently cautioned that if defense budget expansion, initially justified by a deteriorating security environment, comes instead to serve the goal of economic growth through industrial promotion, the risk grows that spending will lose any effective restraint. 
History has already proven this point. The global economic depression of 1929 triggered the Showa Depression in Japan, pushing the country's economy to the brink of collapse. At the time, rather than pursuing structural reforms, Japan's political and military leadership shifted the national economy onto a wartime footing, using military spending to boost demand and mask unemployment.
Meng Mingming, assistant researcher at the Institute of Japanese Studies of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, told the Global Times that in 1932, Korekiyo Takahashi, Japan's then Finance Minister, rolled out stimulus policies including yen depreciation and expanded fiscal outlays. Massive military spending paired with public works projects lifted domestic demand and enabled Japan to recover from the recession earlier than many nations. Takahashi became known as "Japan's Keynes."
However, the prosperity driven by fiscal deficits and military-industrial expansion was ultimately a shortsighted fix. Meng pointed out that, first, while wartime demand boosted Japan's heavy chemical and weapons manufacturing sectors to some extent, most military output was removed from the social reproduction cycle and constituted sheer waste. Second, heavy chemical industries relied heavily on resources such as oil, which Japan lacked domestically. This created a vicious cycle: military demand expanded heavy industrial capacity; that expansion increased Japan's dependence on overseas resources and markets; rising resource needs drove further military expansion to secure supply chains; and that expansion in turn required even more defense spending, further militarizing the economy. Finally, a coalition of interest formed among heavy industrial capitalists, emerging zaibatsu and the military. Military adventurism was no longer driven solely by the armed forces, but was backed by industrial and financial power.
    People hold placards reading "No war" and "Stop constitutional revision, military expansion" during the Grand Constitution Rally 2026 to mark Constitution Memorial Day in Tokyo on May 3, 2026. Photo: vcgOnce the narrative that "military demand brings prosperity" gained mainstream acceptance, cutting military spending became a political taboo. Takahashi later sought to rein in military budgets and was assassinated in the February 26 Incident of 1936. His successor as finance minister, Eiichi Baba, treated military expansion as a long-term necessity. After the Lugou Bridge Incident in 1937, Japan enacted the National Mobilization Law in 1938, ushering in a full wartime system. "History shows the defense industry is never a silver bullet for economic prosperity," Meng said. Growth driven by arms expansion only leads to economic distortion, depletion of national strength and eventual self-destruction, he said. 
Currently, many Japanese citizens have recognized the dangers of the Takaichi administration's policies and taken to the streets to protest. 
Kazuo Adachi, a sexagenarian, told the Global Times in Japan that behind the administration's claim that the defense industry fuels growth lies the profit motive of the military-industrial complex. From policy deregulation launched under the Abe administration to accelerated implementation under the Takaichi administration, the path of military expansion catering to arms capital is akin to poison, fraught with alarming risks.
Marin Toyosu, a member of Japan's Generation Z, said the Takaichi administration's aggressive push for war preparedness essentially hides a self-serving agenda under the slogan of a "virtuous cycle between security and the economy." It abandons vulnerable groups to benefit a small circle of arms capitalists and represents an administration bent on stoking conflict. 
"This military expansion agenda harms Japanese citizens and endangers people across the world," she noted.
Tatara Satoshi, an anti-war activist, pointed out that the Takaichi administration hypes up the "China threat" to justify military buildup while pushing the flawed argument that the defense industry can boost the economy. 
This does not reflect the genuine aspirations of Japanese society or ordinary citizens. "Japanese people do not want war with China. They should unite to firmly oppose efforts to advance military expansion by stoking tensions and overstating supposed economic benefits," he said.
Global Times
。就连历年新加坡的“打工皇帝”基本都是从银行总裁里评出~不过本地还有这样一些“冷门岗位”，被评为新加坡“最危险”的职业，但实际赚的钱可能比程序员还多~绳索作业技术员Rope access technician 月薪：2000-4500新在新加坡的需求程度：★★☆☆☆工作内容：在距离地面数百米的高空进行悬挂维护和清洁工作在香港被称为“蜘蛛人”的行业，在新加坡也不可或缺。绳索作业技术人员在本地的工作范围，主要集中在三个方面：①清洁窗户；②维护和检查工作；③高空外壁油漆装饰。

B | 在新加坡从事高空绳索作业，需要持证上岗。新加坡只有大约3000名通过IRATA（工业绳索作业协会）认证的绳索作业技术人员。以上图源：Asian Sealand、handyme石油钻井工 Oil rig driller 月薪： 4100-7500新在新加坡的需求程度：★★★☆☆工作内容：在海洋中间的钻井平台上，在恶劣的天气条件下操作重型机械。

C | 海上作业当中，石油钻井工/井架工是公认的高薪工作，年收入接近9万新元，轮班工作14天，休息21天，从这些条件来看，这份工作看起来高薪且休息时间充裕。

D | 而且也不需要很高的学历，市场招聘需求也不低——但很难有人能长期坚持。为什么呢？本地人总结非常人，不推荐做这份工作：① 工作地点在海洋中间的钻井平台上，就算是休息日，也只能在海上休息。② 整个合同期通常为6至12个月。这个期间你在茫茫大海中进行昼夜12小时的工作轮班。身边没有家人或朋友陪伴，唯一的同伴就是其他井架工，海上环境寒冷，海浪汹涌，很考验人的心态跟心理素质。一般很少有人能在这个岗位上熬过2年，所以也算是一个人员流动性非常高的工作。不过可能也有一个好处，别人上班都是开车/地铁/走路，海上作业可能会有最酷的通勤方式——可能是乘坐直升机、快艇，甚至可能坐补给船到达工作地点。以上图源：Beyond Facts塔式起重机操作员Tower crane operator 月薪：3800-6500新在新加坡的需求程度：★★★★☆工作内容：坐在离地数百米高的箱子里操作，没有厕所。由于有不断的发展规划，起重机作业在新加坡算是一个高需求的职业。不过这一行内的机械有多种类型，每种类型都需要不同的认证，部分认证与普通起重机操作员的资质不同。基础入门上岗要求就包括：①参加为期86小时的课程拿证；②年满21岁；③不能控恐高此外工作环境也算不上是轻松，比较考验人，例如要自己爬上梯子到达驾驶舱，舱内没有厕所，需要自己带桶或瓶子解决生理需求，等到班次结束了再自行带走清理。以上图源：Antbuildz、NTUC油罐车司机Tanker truck driver月薪：2800-4000新在新加坡的需求程度：★★☆☆☆工作内容：驾驶着装载28,000升有毒或易爆液体的车辆四处行驶这份工作在全部“危险岗位”中算是相对安全的，前提是好好开车，没有意外事故。但做油罐车司机，心理压力也是挺大的，需要承担运输大量危险物品的责任。此外虽然对司机的学历没有太高要求，但需要持各种证上岗：①获得可以驾驶货车和卡车的4级驾照；②持有危险品驾驶许可证。以上图源：Flickr商业潜水员 Commercial diver 月薪：3800-11300新在新加坡的需求程度：★★☆☆☆工作内容：在零能见度、强劲水流和重型机械的环境下进行水下作业。在新加坡，商业潜水员可能会参与船只的检查和维护、码头的建造与拆除，以及在船厂修理船只。如果技术更专业，还可以成为一名水下焊接工——这是一个高度专业化的角色，可能会需要去到全球各地的海洋。有网友认为新加坡的商业潜水员薪水待遇没有其他地方的高。

E | 而且水下工作也称不上“友好”：①工作时间长；②工作时间不固定，取决于具体项目进行时间；③在零能见度和强劲水流的环境中操作极其沉重的设备；④可能要面对减压病、低温症、呼吸和循环系统风险等等诸多危险。以上图源：Subsea Global Solutions、hydropro商业船运安保员*Security on commercial ships *此岗位为网友热议，最危险的工作之一预估月薪：9000新/月在新加坡的需求程度：？？未知工作内容：负责保护船只及其货物免受这些威胁，确保船员的安全，并防止任何非法入侵获取工作方式：熟人推荐的多“这份工作的人都是熟人推荐的，更像是一个“靠人脉”的职位。

F | 海上的生活很无聊，因为没有WiFi，而且没什么需要守卫的，但如果真的遇到海盗，那就是另一回事了。高风险，高回报。在gong海上也有大量金钱流动。”近几年，个别海域的船运风险较高，比如越来越猖狂的海岛，新加坡注册船只也多次遇险。因此安保人员也是不可缺少的一个职业，他们可能需要：①全天候值守：监控船只的周围环境，特别是在经过海盗活跃区域时。②船只防卫：使用非致命和致命武器抵御潜在威胁，确保船只和船员免受攻击。

G | ③应急反应：在突发情况下，安保人员必须快速反应，采取适当措施，保障船只安全。④威胁评估：定期评估航线的安全性，识别潜在的风险，并采取预防措施。因为事关生命以及大批财物安全，安保人员不仅要具备军事或执法背景，还需要有海上作业经验。可能因此一般商业船运对安保人员很少公开招聘。以上图源：associated risks、海峡时报石油和天然气技术员*oil and gas technicians 。

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